PN Adult Medical Surgical Practice Exam

What is the primary purpose of administering preoperative medications?

1. To assist in relaxation.

2. To prevent infections.

3. To manage postoperative pain.

4. To maintain fluid balance.

The correct answer is: To assist in relaxation.

The primary purpose of administering preoperative medications is to assist in relaxation. These medications, often referred to as sedatives or anxiolytics, help to reduce anxiety and promote a calm state in patients before they undergo surgery. This is important as heightened anxiety can lead to adverse physiological responses, such as increased heart rate and blood pressure, which could complicate the surgical procedure and the patient's recovery. While medications can also play roles in preventing infections, managing postoperative pain, and maintaining fluid balance, these functions are generally addressed through other specific preoperative protocols. For instance, antibiotics may be prescribed postoperatively or just before surgery to combat infections, while analgesics are primarily used to manage pain after the procedure. Fluid balance is typically monitored and managed during the surgical process itself and within the postoperative care plan. Thus, the primary goal of preoperative medications squares with ensuring the patient is in a relaxed state, fostering a smoother surgical experience.