PN Adult Medical Surgical Practice Exam

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What is a common risk associated with the administration of anticoagulants?

Hypertension
Thrombosis
Bleeding complications
Cardiac arrest

The correct answer is: Bleeding complications

The administration of anticoagulants is primarily aimed at preventing and treating blood clots. One of the most significant risks associated with the use of these medications is bleeding complications. Anticoagulants work by interfering with the normal clotting process in the body, reducing its ability to form clots. This can lead to an increased risk of spontaneous bleeding, as well as a heightened severity of bleeding from injuries or surgeries. Patients on anticoagulants must be closely monitored for signs of bleeding, including bruising, bloody urine, or any unusual bleeding from cuts. This consideration is critical in clinical settings, as healthcare providers must balance the necessity of preventing thrombosis against the potential for adverse bleeding events. While other risks may be associated with anticoagulant therapy, such as hypotension or the need for vigilant management of underlying health issues, bleeding complications stand out as the most prevalent and concerning risk, making vigilance in monitoring these patients essential.